Research progress of optical motion capture technology in shoulder biomechanics / 中国骨伤

The shoulder joint is the most flexible joint in the body with the largest range of motion, and the movement pattern is more complex. Accurate capture of three-dimensional motion data of the shoulder joint is crucial for biomechanical evaluation. Optical motion capture systems offer a non-invasive and radiation-free method to capture shoulder joint motion data during complex movements, enabling further biomechanical analysis of the shoulder joint. This review provides a comprehensive overview of optical motion capture technology in the context of shoulder joint movement, including measurement principles, data processing methods to reduce artifacts from skin and soft tissues, factors influencing measurement results, and applications in shoulder joint disorders.

Value of conventional magnetic resonance imaging combined with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography for the diagnosis of portal cholangiocarcinoma / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To investigate the value of conventional magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) combined with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP) for the diagnosis of portal cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA).Methods Fortysix patients with HCCA in Chaoyang Central Hospital from September 2014 to February 2016 were selected as the research subjects.The characteristics of conventional MRI and MRCP of HCCA were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among the 46 patients with HCCA,33 cases showed portal nodules or irregular lumps blurred with the adjacent tissues,13 cases showed no obvious lump.Among the 33 cases,there were 4 cases of left hepatic duct involvement,7 cases of right hepatic duct involvement,18 cases of the left and right hepatic duct confluence involvement and 4 cases of common hepatic duct involvement.The irregular lumps or portal nodules in coronal Fiesta showed equal signal and slightly higher signal in T2WI.The liver acquisition with volume acceleration (LAVA) scan of 33 cases of portal nodules or irregular lumps showed that 24 cases had no significant enhancement in arterial phase and significant enhancement in delayed phase;and 9 cases had slight enhancement in arterial phase and non significant intensification in delayed phase.The LAVA scan of the 13 cases without obvious lumps showed the thickening of the vascular wall in arterial phase,vascular stenosis,slight enhancement in arterial phase and the significant enhancement in delayed phase.The MRCP examination of 46 cases showed moderate or severe dilatation with "soft rattan like"changes in intrahepatic bile ducts.The rupture of the dilated bile duct in porta hepatis position was found in 33 cases of portal nodules or irregular lumps,and 13 cases showed " empty" or "rat tail-like" stenosis of hepatic portal.The accuracy rates of localization and qualitative diagnosis of conventional MRI in the 46 patients were 80.43％ (37/46) and 82.61％ (38/46),respectively;and those of conventional MRI combined with MRCP were 100.00％ (46/46) and 95.65％ (44/46),respectively.The accuracy rate of localization and qualitative diagnosis of HCCA by MRI combined with MRCP was significantly higher than that by conventional MRI(x2 =8.762,4.039;P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion MRI combined with MRCP has a high diagnostic value for HCCA.

Reconstruciton of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) for the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the middle term effectiveness of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction for the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February 2007 to January 2010, 65 patients including 6 males and 59 females with recurrent patellar dislocation received the MPFL reconstruction. The reconstruction was performed using ipsilateral semitendinosis tendon to restore the damaged MPFL. Patients were evaluated pre-operatively and post-operatively by physical and subjectively with the IKDC (International Knee Documentation Committee), Tegner, and Lysholm questionnaires and radiographic examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average follow-up duration was 20 months (ranged, 15 to 23 months). No recurrent episodes of dislocation or subluxation occurred. A firm endpoint to lateral patellar translation was noted in all patients at most recent follow-up. The Lysholm subjective knee evaluation score improved from (60.6 +/- 3.7) preoperatively to (89.8 +/- 4.6) postoperatively; and Tegner scores improved from (3.6 +/- 0.4) to (5.6 +/- 0.3), IKDC from (40.0 +/- 3.5) to (82.0 +/- 3.6). Radiographic evaluation demonstrated improvements in the congruence and sulcus femoral angles.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MPFL reconstruction is an effective surgical procedure for the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation.</p>

Study on the long-term effects of the quadratus femoris muscle pedicle bone graft with screw fixation for the treatment of femoral neck fractures in young adults / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the long-term effects of the quadratus femoris muscle pedicle bone graft with screw fixation for the treatment of femoral neck fractures in young adults.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 2002 to 2008, 38 patients with femoral neck fractures were operated. There were 22 males and 16 females, with an average age of 40 years (ranged 25 to 60 years). Twenty-six patients injured from high velocity road traffic accident, among which 14 patients injured in automobile accident, 8 in two wheeler accident and 4 in fall from height. Twelve patients had serious associated injuries. Femoral neck fractures were classified by Garden classification: 25 patients were Graden II and 13 patients were Graden III. Thirty-six patients underwent emergency operation and 2 had delayed operation. Clinical scores were evaluated based on Sanders scores and the radiological criteria which was judged by the diminution of density in the necrotic portion of the femoral head.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up for at least 2 years (ranged 2 to 5 years). There were significant differences between preoperation and postoperation in pain, function, muscle power and walk ability. All the patients with fractures were healed in an average of 5 months after operation and walked without aids and no complications occurred.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This technique provides a high union rate with a low complication rate. In addition, the surgical procedure is relatively simple and has a nice long-term result.</p>